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A DOQQ is a raster image in which displacement in the image caused by sensor orientation and terrain relief has been removed. A DOQQ combines the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map. The geographic extent of the DOQQ is equivalent to a quarter of a 7.5-minute map (3.75 minutes of latitude and longitude) with overedge. The overedge ranges from a minimum of 50 meters to 330 meters beyond the extremes of the quarter-quad area. The DOQQs were produced with a 1-meter ground sample distance (GSD) and are cast on the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projection on the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83). The DOQQ were produced to meet a National Map Accuracy Standard (NMAS) for 1:12000 scale maps (10.16 meters radial error at a 90% probability). The DOQQs are three band natural color images in TIFF format with associated .tfw world files for georeferencing purposes. The source photography are at a nominal scale of 1:40,000 (flown approximately 20,000 feet above ground). Most of the orthos were created from a single source image for each DOQQ but some were produced from mulitple images to minimize perspective related image smearing problems. This set of DOQQs covers Yuma County, Arizona. </PRE></SPAN><BR /> <SCRIPT>fix(original)</SCRIPT> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV CLASS="ph2">Purpose <DIV ID="Purpose" CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> <SPAN CLASS="lt"><PRE ID="original">This data depicts geographic features on the surface of the earth. DOQQs serve a variety of purposes, from interim base maps to field references for earth science investigations and analysis. The DOQQ is useful as a layer in a geographic information system (GIS) and as a tool for performing digital map revision.</PRE></SPAN><BR /> <SCRIPT>fix(original)</SCRIPT> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV STYLE="text-align:center; color:#6495ED">_________________</DIV><BR /> <DIV CLASS="ph1">Status of the data <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> Complete<BR /></DIV> </DIV> <BR /> <DIV CLASS="ph1">Time period for which the data is relevant <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> <DIV><I>Beginning date and time: </I> July, 2005 </DIV> <DIV><I>Ending date and time: </I> July, 2005 </DIV> <DIV> <I>Description: </I> <SPAN CLASS="lt"><PRE ID="original">ground condition</PRE></SPAN><BR /> <SCRIPT>fix(original)</SCRIPT> </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> <BR /> <DIV CLASS="ph1">Publication Information <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"><SPAN CLASS="lt2"> <I>Who created the data: </I>MDA Geospatial Services<BR /></SPAN> <DIV><I>Date and time: </I> 2006</DIV> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV STYLE="text-align:center; color:#6495ED">_________________</DIV><BR /> <DIV CLASS="ph1">Data storage and access information <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> <I>Type of data: </I>remote-sensing image<BR /> <I>Data processing environment: </I><SPAN CLASS="lt">Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535</SPAN><BR /> <DIV CLASS="ph1">Constraints on accessing and using the data <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> <I>Access constraints: </I> <SPAN CLASS="lt">None<BR /></SPAN><DIV> <I>Use constraints: </I> <SPAN CLASS="lt"><PRE ID="original">None. However, users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and that some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of it's limitations.</PRE></SPAN><BR /> <SCRIPT>fix(original)</SCRIPT> </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> <BR /> <DIV CLASS="ph1">Details about this document <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> Contents last updated: 20070206 at time 14311500 <DIV CLASS="ph1" >Who completed this document <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> Tom Sturm<BR />U.S. Geological Survey<BR /><I>mailing and physical address:</I><BR /><DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.3in"> <DIV CLASS="lt"> <PRE ID="original">U.S. Geological Survey</PRE> <SCRIPT>fix(original)</SCRIPT> </DIV> <DIV CLASS="lt"> <PRE ID="original">345 Middlefield Road, MS 531</PRE> <SCRIPT>fix(original)</SCRIPT> </DIV> <DIV> Menlo Park, CA 94025</DIV> <DIV>US</DIV></DIV> <BR /> 1-650-329-4326 (voice)<BR />tsturm@usgs.gov<BR /><BR /> <DIV><I>Hours of service:</I> Variable</DIV><DIV><I>Contact Instructions:</I></DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.3in"> <PRE ID="original">The contact person is on frequent official travel. Contact via e-mail is preferred.</PRE> <SCRIPT>fix(original)</SCRIPT> </DIV> <BR /> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV CLASS="ph1">Standards used to create this document <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> <I>Standard name: </I>FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata<BR /> <I>Standard version: </I>FGDC-STD-001-1998<BR /> <I>Time convention used in this document: </I>local time<BR /> Metadata profiles defining additonal information<LI STYLE="margin-left:0.2in"> ESRI Metadata Profile: <A TARGET="viewer" HREF="http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html">http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html </A> </LI> </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> <BR /> </DIV> <DIV ID="Spatial" class="pv" STYLE="display:none"><BR /> <DIV CLASS="pn">Horizontal coordinate system</DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.2in"><I>Projected coordinate system name: </I>Universal Transverse Mercator, zone 12</DIV> <DIV CLASS="ph2">Details <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> <DIV CLASS="sr1"><SPAN CLASS="pn">Grid Coordinate System Name: </SPAN>Universal Transverse Mercator</DIV> <DIV CLASS="sr2"><I>UTM Zone Number: </I>[get from DOQQ]</DIV> <DIV CLASS="srh2">Transverse Mercator Projection</DIV> <DIV CLASS="sr3"><I>Scale Factor at Central Meridian: </I>0.9996<BR /> <I>Longitude of Central Meridian: </I>[compute]<BR /> <I>Latitude of Projection Origin: </I>0.0<BR /> <I>False Easting: </I>500000.0<BR /> <I>False Northing: </I>0.0<BR /> </DIV> <BR /> <DIV CLASS="sr1"><SPAN CLASS="pn">Planar Coordinate Information</SPAN></DIV> <DIV CLASS="sr2"><I>Planar Distance Units: </I>meters</DIV> <DIV CLASS="sr2"><I>Coordinate Encoding Method: </I>row and column</DIV> <DIV CLASS="srh2">Coordinate Representation</DIV> <DIV CLASS="sr3"><I>Abscissa Resolution: </I>1.000000</DIV> <DIV CLASS="sr3"><I>Ordinate Resolution: </I>1.000000</DIV> <BR /> <DIV CLASS="srh1">Geodetic Model</DIV> <DIV CLASS="sr2"><I>Horizontal Datum Name: </I>North American Datum of 1983</DIV> <DIV CLASS="sr2"><I>Ellipsoid Name: </I>Geodetic Reference System 80</DIV> <DIV CLASS="sr2"><I>Semi-major Axis: </I>6378137</DIV> <DIV CLASS="sr2"><I>Denominator of Flattening Ratio: </I>298.2572221</DIV> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV STYLE="text-align:center; color:#6495ED">_________________</DIV><BR /> <DIV CLASS="pn">Bounding coordinates</DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.2in" CLASS="pn">Horizontal</DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.4in" CLASS="pn">In decimal degrees</DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.6in"><I>West: </I> -114.750</DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.6in"><I>East: </I> -109.000</DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.6in"><I>North: </I> 37.000</DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.6in"><I>South: </I> 31.250</DIV> <DIV STYLE="text-align:center; color:#6495ED">_________________</DIV><BR /> <DIV CLASS="pn">Lineage</DIV> <DIV CLASS="pn" STYLE="margin-left:0.2in">FGDC lineage</DIV> <DIV CLASS="ph2" STYLE="margin-left:0.4in">Process step 1 <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="margin-left:0.2in; display:"> <I>Process description: </I>Color positive film was scanned using Z/I PhotoScan photogrammetric quality scanning machines at a resolution of 21 microns. The scanned digital imagery and ABGPS/IMU data was used in the Aerial Triangulation (AT) process to provide final georeferencing and image orientations in preparation for orthorectification. Orthorectification was done using Z/I Base Rectifier with Cubic Convolution Interpolation. Each DOQQ was then inspected for relative horizontal accuracy with adjacent DOQQ tiles. If there were features that had excessive misalignment between adjoining DOQQs then the USGS DEM was locally updated using a Z/I SSK softcopy work station. Each DOQQ was inspected for image quality, smears, and artefacts such as hairs or annotation. Such image defects were fixed in Photoshop or corrected by mosaicking imagery from an adjacent frame with a better "look angle". This was particularly challenging in the Grand Canyon complex. DOQQs were color and radiometrically balanced over large blocks using internally developed image manipulation software.<BR /> <I>Process date: </I>20060531 <BR /> <DIV CLASS="ph1">Who did this process <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> MDA Geospatial Services<BR /><I>mailing and physical address:</I><BR /><DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.3in"> <DIV CLASS="lt"> <PRE ID="original">13800 Commerce Parkway</PRE> <SCRIPT>fix(original)</SCRIPT> </DIV> <DIV> Richmond, British Columbia V6V 2J3</DIV> <DIV>Canada</DIV></DIV> <BR /> 1-604-233-5000 (voice)<BR />1-604-233-5005 (fax)<BR /><BR /> <DIV><I>Hours of service:</I> Monday through Friday, 8:00 am to 4:30 pm Pacific Time</DIV><BR /> </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV CLASS="pn" STYLE="margin-left:0.4in">Sources</DIV> <DIV CLASS="ph2">Source 1: PHOTO (PHOTO)<DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="margin-left:0.2in; display:"> <I>Media: </I>stable-base material<BR /> <I>Scale denominator: </I>40000<BR /> <I>Contribution: </I>Stable-base [filmtype] natural color aerial photography film flown at 20,000 feet above average ground elevation. Provides the imagery for the digital orthoimage.<BR /> <DIV CLASS="ph1">Currentness of this source <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> <DIV><I>Beginning date and time: </I> July, 2005 </DIV> <DIV><I>Ending date and time: </I> July, 2005 </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> <BR /></DIV> </DIV> <DIV CLASS="ph2" STYLE="margin-left:0.6in" >Source 2: DEM (DEM)<DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="margin-left:0.2in; display:"> <I>Media: </I>digital file<BR /> <I>Contribution: </I>USGS format elevation data covering a 7.5- x 7.5-minute quadrangle in extent was used as the source of elevation data for this project. Used to provide ground elevations for orthorectification process.<BR /> <DIV CLASS="ph1">Currentness of this source <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> <DIV><I>Beginning date and time: </I> Jan., 1998 </DIV> <DIV><I>Ending date and time: </I> Jan., 2002 </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> <BR /></DIV> </DIV> <DIV CLASS="ph2" STYLE="margin-left:0.6in">Source 3: Airborne GPS/IMU (ABGPS/IMU)<DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="margin-left:0.2in; display:"> <I>Media: </I>CD-ROM<BR /> <I>Contribution: </I>Airborne GPS and IMU data positioning were computed by MDA Geospatial Services and used as control in the aerotriangulation process. ABGPS/IMU positioning was based on base stations at each of the airports used for acquisition. Observations were in WGS84.<BR /> <DIV CLASS="ph1">Currentness of this source <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> <DIV><I>Beginning date and time: </I> July, 2005 </DIV> <DIV><I>Ending date and time: </I> July, 2005 </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV STYLE="text-align:center; color:#6495ED">_________________</DIV><BR /> <DIV CLASS="pn">Spatial data quality</DIV> <DIV CLASS="ph2">Horizontal positional accuracy <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="margin-left:0.2in; display:"> <SPAN CLASS="lt"><PRE ID="original">Through inspection and comparison with GPS derived road centerlines from the Arizona Dept. of Transportation and selected samples of earlier vintage U.S. Geological Survey DOQQs we are confident that the orthos produced by MDA Geospatial Services for this project meet, at a minimum, National Map Accuracy Standards for 1:12000-scale data.</PRE></SPAN> <SCRIPT>fix(original)</SCRIPT> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.2in"><I>Estimated accuracy: </I>10.16 meters radial error at a 90% probability</DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.2in"> <I>How this value was determined: </I> <SPAN CLASS="lt"><PRE ID="original">Federal Geographic Data Committee, 1998, Geospatial Positioning Accuracy Standard, Part 3, National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy, FGDC-STD-007.3-1998</PRE></SPAN> <SCRIPT>fix(original)</SCRIPT> </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV STYLE="text-align:center; color:#6495ED">_________________</DIV><BR /> <DIV CLASS="pn">Spatial data description</DIV> <DIV CLASS="pn" STYLE="margin-left:0.2in">Raster dataset information</DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.4in"><I>Raster format: </I>TIFF</DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.4in"><I>SDTS raster type: </I>Pixel</DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.4in"><I>Number of raster bands: </I>3</DIV> <DIV CLASS="ph2">Raster properties <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> <DIV><I>Origin location: </I>Upper Left</DIV> <DIV><I>Has pyramids: </I>FALSE</DIV> <DIV><I>Has colormap: </I>FALSE</DIV> <DIV><I>Data compression type: </I>None</DIV> <DIV><I>Display type: </I>pixel codes</DIV> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV CLASS="ph2">Cell information <DIV CLASS="pe2" STYLE="display:"> <DIV><I>Number of cells on z-axis: </I>1</DIV> <DIV><I>Number of bits per cell: </I>8</DIV> <DIV CLASS="pn">Cell Size</DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.2in"><I>X distance: </I>1.000000</DIV> <DIV STYLE="margin-left:0.2in"><I>Y distance: </I>1.000000</DIV> </DIV> </DIV> <BR /> </DIV> <DIV ID="Attributes" class="pv" STYLE="display:none"><BR /> <BR /> <DIV STYLE="text-align:center; color:#6495ED"> No detailed attribute information is available. </DIV> <BR /> <BR /> </DIV> </DIV> </BODY> </HTML>